Bash & (Ampersand)

The Bash & (ampersand) is a builtin control operator used to fork processes. From the Bash man page, "If a command is terminated by the control operator &, the shell executes the command in the background in a subshell".

If logged into an interactive shell, the process is assigned a job number and the child PID is displayed. The job number below is one.

bash$ sleep 30 & [1] 3586

Note that when a process is forked, the child PID is stored in the special variable $!

bash$ echo $! 3586

You can terminate the job by its job number like so:

bash$ jobs [1]+ Running sleep 30 & bash$ kill %1 [1]+ Terminated sleep 30 bash$

Bash

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